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Examples - 8 bit images |
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Original
Photo |
This
picture is of course underexposed. As you can see from it's histogram,
all the values are in the lower left. The simplest way to improve
it is to stretch the distribution of values to fill the entire range.

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Levels
Adjusted |
After stretching the histogram by adjusting levels in Photoshop
we get this histogram. Notice the vertical lines indicating, that
there are a lot of missing values. This is because the original
only has about 140 levels to begin with and when they get redistributed
over 256, then the gaps are inevitable. Photoshops level adjustments
do not interpolate the missing values like the Power Retouche plug-ins
allow you to do. Such a histogram is called posterized. Power Retouche
Histogram Repair offers a solution for that.

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Histogram
Repair |
After
running Histogram Repair we get this histogram. As you can see,
the empty bars are gone because the plugin has interpolated the
msising value. The original image does of course not change.

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Examples - 16 bit
images |
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Do
16 bit images need histogram repairing? |
Do 16 bit images need histogram
repairing?
No, not if the image was originally photographed or scanned at 16
bit, but if it was made into 16 bits by converting an 8 bit image,
then it most certainly does. This is a special problem with converting
8 to 16 bit, which few are aware of. |
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Problem reading histograms
for 16 bit images |
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When Photoshop displays the 16
bit image's histogram, Photoshop converts the image to 8 bit, so
it looks exactly like the 8 bit images nonposterized histogram.
But this is not true! Since the original only had 256 levels and
a 16 bit image has 32768, converting an 8 bit image to 16 bit will
produce posterization gaps each of 128 levels. These huge gaps will
not show in the Photoshop histogram, but will be clearly visible
in the Power Retouche histogram.. |
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Fixing Conversion
from 8 to 16 bit |
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Original
Photo
8 bit |
 Here's
an 8 bit image and its histogram
Photoshop
histogram
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Converted
to 16 bit |
We
convert from 8 bits to 16 bits and check the histogram. In Photoshop
it looks just like the smooth 8 bit images histogram shown above
and this might trick you to beleive it is not posterized. But it
is really peppered with gaps 128 levels wide and is in effect still
an 8 bit image since it only contains 256 levels.

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Histogram
Repair |
If
you use Histogram Repair just after converting from 8 to 16 bit,
you will get a true 16 bit image with all levels.
After
Histogram repair
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